2014 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0104153. eCollection 2014. Beside excessive daytime sleepiness, patients may display the following symptoms: Cataplexy a sudden weakening of the. The prevalence and magnitude of impaired cutaneous sensation across the hand in the chronic period post-stroke. Symptoms of Narcolepsy Severe excessive daytime sleepiness Cataplexy (sudden, temporary episodes of muscle weakness) Hallucinations while falling asleep or. Clinical manifestations of Sjögren's syndrome: Extraglandular disease. Attacks occur up to several times per week and last only a few seconds to less than 10 minutes. Guillain-Barré syndrome in adults: Clinical features and diagnosis. Cataplexy is easily established when clinical features are typical and the symptom is severe. Approach to the patient with sensory loss. In: Bradley's and Daroff's Neurology in Clinical Practice. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. Brachial plexus injuries information page. Syrinx of the spinal cord or brain stem.American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Cervical spondylosis (arthritis of the neck).National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Signs and symptoms of adult brain and spinal cord tumors.Side effects of chemotherapy or HIV drugs.Paraneoplastic syndromes of the nervous system.Possible causes of numbness in one or both of your hands include: Brain and nervous system conditions Excessive daytime sleepiness with irresistible sleep attacks Cataplexy (sudden. A variety of tests may be needed to confirm the cause before appropriate treatment can begin. Narcolepsy is derived from the Greek words narco, meaning numbness. Your doctor will need detailed information about your symptoms to diagnose the cause of your numbness. Numbness alone isn't usually associated with potentially life-threatening disorders, such as strokes or tumors. Importantly, management also needs to involve sleep hygiene advice, safety measures whenever applicable and guidance with regard to the social sequelae of cataplexy.Ĭataplexy Drop attacks Narcolepsy Pseudocataplexy Sodium oxybate Syncope.Uncommonly, numbness may be caused by problems in your brain or spinal cord, although in such cases arm or hand weakness or loss of function also occurs. Symptomatic treatment is possible with antidepressants and sodium oxybate. Cataplexy can cause muscle weakness in any part of the body, though cataplexy commonly affects the limbs (hands may drop whatever they're holding, knees may buckle, legs may collapse) and face. Over time, these severe symptoms evolve to the milder adult phenotype, and this pattern is crucial to recognize when assessing the outcome of uncontrolled case series with potential treatments such as immunomodulation. Cataplexy shows remarkable differences in childhood compared to adults, with profound facial hypotonia and complex active motor phenomena. Currently, the diagnosis of cataplexy is made almost solely on clinical grounds, based on history taking and (home) videos. Childhood narcolepsy, with its profound facial hypotonia, can be confused with neuromuscular disorders, and the active motor phenomenona resemble those found in childhood movement disorders such as Sydenham's chorea. Diabetic neuropathy can also cause pain and weakness in these areas. They can be differentiated from cataplexy using thorough history taking, supplemented with (home)video recordings whenever possible. Numbness is usually noticed first in the feet and legs, but can also affect the hands and arms. Cataplexy mimics include syncope, epilepsy, hyperekplexia, drop attacks and pseudocataplexy. Next to narcolepsy, cataplexy can sometimes be caused by other diseases, such as Niemann-Pick type C, Prader Willi Syndrome, or lesions in the hypothalamic or pontomedullary region. Moreover, childhood cataplexy differs from the presentation in adults, with a prominent facial involvement, already evident without clear emotional triggers ('cataplectic facies') and 'active' motor phenomena especially of the tongue and perioral muscles. The expression of cataplexy varies widely, from partial episodes affecting only the neck muscles to generalized attacks leading to falls. Although cataplexy is rare, its recognition is important as in most cases, it leads to a diagnosis of narcolepsy, a disorder that still takes a median of 9 years to be diagnosed. This review describes the diagnosis and management of cataplexy: attacks of bilateral loss of muscle tone, triggered by emotions and with preserved consciousness.
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